Payment overview · 2025
General Payments
We did not find matching Open Payments records for this doctor in the selected program year.
Healthcare provider profile · identity verified
Sara Custodio, M.D.
Internal Medicine · KALAMAZOO, MI · NPI 1417162173
Verified facts
What the public records show
We did not find matching Open Payments records for this doctor in 2025.
These records do not establish that a payment influenced prescribing or medical care.
Separate record types
Research & Ownership
Research Payments (direct recipient): not present in the loaded data
Associated Research Funding (for example, named PI): not present in the loaded data
Ownership / Investment: not present in the loaded data
These categories are never added into the General Payments headline. Associated research funding must not be described as money the doctor personally received unless the source record supports that conclusion.
Analysis 1 · Payment-linked products
Products named in Open Payments records
No payment-linked product analysis is available because no matching General Payment records were found for the selected year.
Public prescribing for products named in payments
There is no explicit payment-product set available for a Part D comparison.
The presence of the same drug in both datasets does not show that a payment caused or influenced a prescription.
Analysis 2 · Same-company prescribing overlap
Drugs reported in other payments from the same company that also appear in Medicare Part D
This analysis is independent from products named on this doctor’s individual payment records. A row appears only when the exact Open Payments reporting entity paid this doctor, that same reporting entity reported the drug or biological on at least 10 loaded General Payment records involving at least 2 distinct recipient NPIs, and this doctor has the same non-generic brand in public Part D data. This does not mean the company owns or manufactures the drug.
There is no payer-company set available for this comparison.
These facts do not show that a payment was for the drug, that the company owns or manufactures the drug, or that a payment caused or influenced prescribing.
Public Medicare Part D data
Provider-and-drug rows loaded for 2024
| Brand | Generic | Claims | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atorvastatin Calcium | Atorvastatin Calcium | 305 | 83 |
| Levothyroxine Sodium | Levothyroxine Sodium | 282 | 73 |
| Amlodipine Besylate | Amlodipine Besylate | 165 | 49 |
| Omeprazole | Omeprazole | 153 | 39 |
| Lisinopril | Lisinopril | 145 | 45 |
| Rosuvastatin Calcium | Rosuvastatin Calcium | 143 | 46 |
| Carvedilol | Carvedilol | 105 | 26 |
| Losartan Potassium | Losartan Potassium | 105 | 28 |
| Simvastatin | Simvastatin | 102 | 26 |
| Gabapentin | Gabapentin | 88 | 24 |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Hydrochlorothiazide | 86 | 27 |
| Ibandronate Sodium | Ibandronate Sodium | 77 | 24 |
| Metoprolol Succinate | Metoprolol Succinate | 75 | 18 |
| Metformin Hcl | Metformin Hcl | 56 | 18 |
| Tramadol Hcl | Tramadol Hcl | 56 | 12 |
| Duloxetine Hcl | Duloxetine Hcl | 54 | 14 |
| Pantoprazole Sodium | Pantoprazole Sodium | 52 | 16 |
| Fluticasone Propionate | Fluticasone Propionate | 51 | 13 |
| Lisinopril-Hydrochlorothiazide | Lisinopril/Hydrochlorothiazide | 47 | 14 |
| Metformin Hcl Er | Metformin Hcl | 47 | 15 |
| Trazodone Hcl | Trazodone Hcl | 42 | 15 |
| Estradiol | Estradiol | 41 | 16 |
| Pravastatin Sodium | Pravastatin Sodium | 40 | 11 |
| Tamsulosin Hcl | Tamsulosin Hcl | 40 | 15 |
| Jardiance | Empagliflozin | 37 | suppressed |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol | 34 | suppressed |
| Citalopram Hbr | Citalopram Hydrobromide | 33 | suppressed |
| Valacyclovir | Valacyclovir Hcl | 32 | 11 |
| Albuterol Sulfate Hfa | Albuterol Sulfate | 31 | 17 |
| Cyclobenzaprine Hcl | Cyclobenzaprine Hcl | 31 | 11 |
| Sertraline Hcl | Sertraline Hcl | 31 | 13 |
| Trulicity | Dulaglutide | 31 | suppressed |
| Baclofen | Baclofen | 30 | suppressed |
| Bupropion Xl | Bupropion Hcl | 30 | suppressed |
| Escitalopram Oxalate | Escitalopram Oxalate | 30 | suppressed |
| Ezetimibe | Ezetimibe | 30 | suppressed |
| Eliquis | Apixaban | 28 | suppressed |
| Hydrocodone-Acetaminophen | Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen | 28 | 18 |
| Meloxicam | Meloxicam | 28 | suppressed |
| Venlafaxine Hcl Er | Venlafaxine Hcl | 27 | suppressed |
| Alendronate Sodium | Alendronate Sodium | 26 | suppressed |
| Esomeprazole Magnesium | Esomeprazole Magnesium | 26 | suppressed |
| Ropinirole Hcl | Ropinirole Hcl | 26 | suppressed |
| Fluoxetine Hcl | Fluoxetine Hcl | 25 | suppressed |
| Chlorthalidone | Chlorthalidone | 23 | suppressed |
| Ozempic | Semaglutide | 23 | suppressed |
| Spironolactone | Spironolactone | 23 | suppressed |
| Furosemide | Furosemide | 20 | suppressed |
| Nystatin | Nystatin | 20 | suppressed |
| Warfarin Sodium | Warfarin Sodium | 20 | suppressed |
| Verapamil Er | Verapamil Hcl | 19 | suppressed |
| Aripiprazole | Aripiprazole | 18 | suppressed |
| Hydralazine Hcl | Hydralazine Hcl | 18 | suppressed |
| Synthroid | Levothyroxine Sodium | 18 | suppressed |
| Azelastine Hcl | Azelastine Hcl | 17 | suppressed |
| Cephalexin | Cephalexin | 17 | 16 |
| Pregabalin | Pregabalin | 17 | suppressed |
| Triamterene-Hydrochlorothiazid | Triamterene/Hydrochlorothiazid | 17 | suppressed |
| Xarelto | Rivaroxaban | 17 | suppressed |
| Metoprolol Tartrate | Metoprolol Tartrate | 16 | suppressed |
| Mounjaro | Tirzepatide | 16 | suppressed |
| Propranolol Hcl Er | Propranolol Hcl | 16 | suppressed |
| Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim | Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim | 16 | suppressed |
| Topiramate | Topiramate | 16 | suppressed |
| Desvenlafaxine Succinate Er | Desvenlafaxine Succinate | 15 | suppressed |
| Famotidine | Famotidine | 15 | suppressed |
| Amitriptyline Hcl | Amitriptyline Hcl | 14 | suppressed |
| Buspirone Hcl | Buspirone Hcl | 14 | suppressed |
| Clobetasol Propionate | Clobetasol Propionate | 14 | 12 |
| Ibuprofen | Ibuprofen | 14 | suppressed |
| Quetiapine Fumarate | Quetiapine Fumarate | 14 | suppressed |
| Lamotrigine | Lamotrigine | 13 | suppressed |
| Nitrofurantoin Mono-Macro | Nitrofurantoin Monohyd/M-Cryst | 13 | suppressed |
| Paroxetine Hcl | Paroxetine Hcl | 13 | suppressed |
| Olmesartan Medoxomil | Olmesartan Medoxomil | 12 | suppressed |
| Sotalol | Sotalol Hcl | 12 | suppressed |
| Tolterodine Tartrate Er | Tolterodine Tartrate | 12 | suppressed |
| Bisoprolol Fumarate | Bisoprolol Fumarate | 11 | suppressed |
| Clonidine | Clonidine | 11 | suppressed |
| Indapamide | Indapamide | 11 | suppressed |
| Lantus Solostar | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 11 | suppressed |
| Losartan-Hydrochlorothiazide | Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide | 11 | suppressed |
| Montelukast Sodium | Montelukast Sodium | 11 | suppressed |
| Nano 2nd Gen Pen Needle | Pen Needle, Diabetic | 11 | suppressed |
| Nitroglycerin | Nitroglycerin | 11 | suppressed |
| Ondansetron Odt | Ondansetron | 11 | suppressed |
| Propranolol Hcl | Propranolol Hcl | 11 | suppressed |
| Repatha Sureclick | Evolocumab | 11 | suppressed |
| Sumatriptan Succinate | Sumatriptan Succinate | 11 | suppressed |
| Tizanidine Hcl | Tizanidine Hcl | 11 | suppressed |
| Trimethoprim | Trimethoprim | 11 | suppressed |
Timeline
Payment and prescribing data by year
Open Payments and Medicare Part D may refer to different years. They are shown separately rather than aligned as if they describe the same period.
| Year | General Payments | Main payer | Explicit products | Company overlaps | Part D coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2024 | — | — | — | — | Complete |
Questions to ask
Questions you could discuss with your doctor
- Are there reasonable alternatives I should understand when we discuss treatment options?
- How should I interpret the industry-payment records shown here in the context of my care?
These are general questions generated from reviewed templates. They are not personalized medical advice.
Sources and limitations
How to read this page
- Payment and Medicare prescribing data can cover different years; every comparison shows both years explicitly.
- Part D does not represent a doctor’s entire practice; it excludes many patients and is subject to CMS public-release thresholds.
- Company–drug relationships must have an auditable source, a precise relationship type, and a valid evidence period. Unresolved mappings are not published.
- Generic drug claims are not attributed to a specific manufacturer without manufacturer-level evidence.
- When a source extract is incomplete, missing rows are never treated as proof of no payments or no prescriptions.
Loaded source releases
| Dataset | Year | Publication | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CMS Open Payments — General Payments | 2025 | 2026-06-30 | Original source |
| Medicare Part D Prescribers by Provider and Drug | 2024 | 2026-05-06 | Original source |
| NPPES Data Dissemination V2 | current / reference data | 2026-08-10 | Original source |
Full methodology · Questions & answers · Report a possible error