Payment overview · 2025
General Payments
$99.12
5 reported records · 4 companies
Healthcare provider profile · identity verified
Kulbir Sandhu, MD
Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Internal Medicine · MIDLOTHIAN, VA · NPI 1629059043
Verified facts
What the public records show
CMS Open Payments records show Kulbir Sandhu, MD received $99.12 in general payments during 2025 across 5 reported records.
PFIZER INC. accounted for 42.1% of that reported general-payment amount.
The Open Payments records used for this analysis explicitly named 5 associated products.
A separate comparison found the same explicitly named product in public Medicare Part D data: Jardiance.
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported JARDIANCE as an associated drug or biological on 123636 records involving 49438 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 73 claims for Jardiance by this doctor in 2024.
PFIZER INC. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported ELIQUIS as an associated drug or biological on 87112 records involving 36032 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 24 claims for Eliquis by this doctor in 2024.
These records do not establish that a payment influenced prescribing or medical care.
Separate record types
Research & Ownership
Research Payments (direct recipient): not present in the loaded data
Associated Research Funding (for example, named PI): not present in the loaded data
Ownership / Investment: not present in the loaded data
These categories are never added into the General Payments headline. Associated research funding must not be described as money the doctor personally received unless the source record supports that conclusion.
Who paid this doctor?
Companies in 2025 General Payments
| Reported company | Canonical company | Amount | Share | Records | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PFIZER INC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $41.77 | 42.1% | 2 | 2025 |
| Abbott Laboratories | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $21.18 | 21.4% | 1 | 2025 |
| Mannkind Corporation | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $20.54 | 20.7% | 1 | 2025 |
| Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $15.63 | 15.8% | 1 | 2025 |
What were the payments for?
Payment categories
| Category | Amount | Records |
|---|---|---|
| Food and Beverage | $99.12 | 5 |
A meal, consulting fee, royalty, and travel payment describe different kinds of reported relationships and should not be interpreted as equivalent.
Analysis 1 · Payment-linked products
Products named in Open Payments records
| Reported product | Type | Reported company | Related amount* | Records | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NURTEC ODT Normalized: nurtec odt |
Drug | PFIZER INC. | $41.77 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| ZAVZPRET Normalized: zavzpret |
Drug | PFIZER INC. | $41.77 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| FREESTYLE LIBRE 3 Normalized: freestyle libre 3 |
Device | Abbott Laboratories | $21.18 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| AFREZZA Normalized: afrezza |
Drug | Mannkind Corporation | $20.54 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| JARDIANCE Normalized: jardiance |
Drug | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | $15.63 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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* Product-associated amounts are non-additive because one payment record may name more than one product.
These products were named on specific Open Payments records. A named product does not show that the payment influenced treatment or prescribing.
Public prescribing for products named in payments
| Open Payments product | Payment year | Part D brand | Part D year | Claims | Match method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JARDIANCE jardiance |
2025 | Jardiance | 2024 | 73 | exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
The presence of the same drug in both datasets does not show that a payment caused or influenced a prescription.
Analysis 2 · Same-company prescribing overlap
Drugs reported in other payments from the same company that also appear in Medicare Part D
This analysis is independent from products named on this doctor’s individual payment records. A row appears only when the exact Open Payments reporting entity paid this doctor, that same reporting entity reported the drug or biological on at least 10 loaded General Payment records involving at least 2 distinct recipient NPIs, and this doctor has the same non-generic brand in public Part D data. This does not mean the company owns or manufactures the drug.
| Paying company | Payment year | Drug reported by same entity | Open Payments evidence | Part D | Claims | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | JARDIANCE open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 123636 supporting records · 49438 recipient NPIs · example record 1221811583 |
Jardiance · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
73 | 15 |
| PFIZER INC. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | ELIQUIS open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 87112 supporting records · 36032 recipient NPIs · example record 1228794063 |
Eliquis · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
24 | suppressed by CMS |
These facts do not show that a payment was for the drug, that the company owns or manufactures the drug, or that a payment caused or influenced prescribing.
Public Medicare Part D data
Provider-and-drug rows loaded for 2024
| Brand | Generic | Claims | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atorvastatin Calcium | Atorvastatin Calcium | 410 | 118 |
| Metformin Hcl Er | Metformin Hcl | 204 | 61 |
| Amlodipine Besylate | Amlodipine Besylate | 170 | 48 |
| Levothyroxine Sodium | Levothyroxine Sodium | 164 | 43 |
| Rosuvastatin Calcium | Rosuvastatin Calcium | 163 | 43 |
| Lisinopril | Lisinopril | 144 | 42 |
| Losartan Potassium | Losartan Potassium | 132 | 37 |
| Glimepiride | Glimepiride | 118 | 36 |
| Escitalopram Oxalate | Escitalopram Oxalate | 111 | 25 |
| Metformin Hcl | Metformin Hcl | 96 | 24 |
| Ezetimibe | Ezetimibe | 84 | 21 |
| Irbesartan | Irbesartan | 84 | 24 |
| Ozempic | Semaglutide | 84 | 14 |
| Simvastatin | Simvastatin | 78 | 19 |
| Lantus Solostar | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 75 | 24 |
| Omeprazole | Omeprazole | 74 | 23 |
| Jardiance | Empagliflozin | 73 | 15 |
| Synthroid | Levothyroxine Sodium | 69 | 19 |
| Tresiba Flextouch U-100 | Insulin Degludec | 69 | 16 |
| Metoprolol Succinate | Metoprolol Succinate | 65 | 16 |
| Pantoprazole Sodium | Pantoprazole Sodium | 65 | 17 |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Hydrochlorothiazide | 62 | 19 |
| Mounjaro | Tirzepatide | 56 | 13 |
| Farxiga | Dapagliflozin Propanediol | 51 | 11 |
| Janumet Xr | Sitagliptin Phos/Metformin Hcl | 51 | 11 |
| Sertraline Hcl | Sertraline Hcl | 51 | 13 |
| Toujeo Solostar | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 49 | suppressed |
| Trazodone Hcl | Trazodone Hcl | 49 | 15 |
| Nano 2nd Gen Pen Needle | Pen Needle, Diabetic | 47 | 19 |
| Carvedilol | Carvedilol | 46 | 12 |
| Pravastatin Sodium | Pravastatin Sodium | 45 | 12 |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol | 42 | 12 |
| Tramadol Hcl | Tramadol Hcl | 41 | suppressed |
| Unithroid | Levothyroxine Sodium | 40 | 12 |
| Furosemide | Furosemide | 36 | 12 |
| Potassium Chloride | Potassium Chloride | 33 | suppressed |
| Trulicity | Dulaglutide | 33 | suppressed |
| Humalog Kwikpen U-100 | Insulin Lispro | 32 | 15 |
| Atenolol | Atenolol | 31 | suppressed |
| Losartan-Hydrochlorothiazide | Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide | 31 | suppressed |
| Alprazolam | Alprazolam | 30 | suppressed |
| Buspirone Hcl | Buspirone Hcl | 29 | suppressed |
| Montelukast Sodium | Montelukast Sodium | 27 | suppressed |
| Duloxetine Hcl | Duloxetine Hcl | 26 | suppressed |
| Gabapentin | Gabapentin | 26 | 13 |
| Lisinopril-Hydrochlorothiazide | Lisinopril/Hydrochlorothiazide | 26 | suppressed |
| Novolog Flexpen | Insulin Aspart | 26 | suppressed |
| Bupropion Hcl Sr | Bupropion Hcl | 25 | suppressed |
| Eliquis | Apixaban | 24 | suppressed |
| Spironolactone | Spironolactone | 24 | suppressed |
| Xarelto | Rivaroxaban | 24 | suppressed |
| Zolpidem Tartrate | Zolpidem Tartrate | 24 | suppressed |
| Albuterol Sulfate Hfa | Albuterol Sulfate | 23 | suppressed |
| Bumetanide | Bumetanide | 23 | suppressed |
| Fluticasone Propionate | Fluticasone Propionate | 23 | suppressed |
| Fluoxetine Hcl | Fluoxetine Hcl | 22 | suppressed |
| Memantine Hcl | Memantine Hcl | 21 | suppressed |
| Levemir Flexpen | Insulin Detemir | 20 | suppressed |
| Glipizide Er | Glipizide | 19 | suppressed |
| Tamsulosin Hcl | Tamsulosin Hcl | 19 | suppressed |
| Tradjenta | Linagliptin | 19 | suppressed |
| Amlodipine Besylate-Benazepril | Amlodipine Besylate/Benazepril | 18 | suppressed |
| Hydralazine Hcl | Hydralazine Hcl | 18 | suppressed |
| Clopidogrel | Clopidogrel Bisulfate | 16 | suppressed |
| Olmesartan Medoxomil | Olmesartan Medoxomil | 16 | suppressed |
| Oxycodone-Acetaminophen | Oxycodone Hcl/Acetaminophen | 16 | suppressed |
| Ultra-Fine Mini Pen Needle | Pen Needle, Diabetic | 16 | 11 |
| Basaglar Kwikpen U-100 | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 15 | suppressed |
| Methimazole | Methimazole | 15 | suppressed |
| Repatha Sureclick | Evolocumab | 15 | suppressed |
| Ultra-Fine Nano Pen Needle | Pen Needle, Diabetic | 15 | suppressed |
| Donepezil Hcl | Donepezil Hcl | 14 | suppressed |
| Nitrofurantoin Mono-Macro | Nitrofurantoin Monohyd/M-Cryst | 14 | 13 |
| Novolog | Insulin Aspart | 14 | suppressed |
| Dropsafe Prep Pads | Alcohol Antiseptic Pads | 13 | suppressed |
| Fiasp Flextouch | Insulin Aspart (Niacinamide) | 13 | suppressed |
| Paroxetine Hcl | Paroxetine Hcl | 13 | suppressed |
| Tresiba Flextouch U-200 | Insulin Degludec | 13 | suppressed |
| Azithromycin | Azithromycin | 12 | suppressed |
| Bisoprolol-Hydrochlorothiazide | Bisoprolol/Hydrochlorothiazide | 12 | suppressed |
| Clonazepam | Clonazepam | 12 | suppressed |
| Diclofenac Sodium | Diclofenac Sodium | 12 | suppressed |
| Humalog Kwikpen U-200 | Insulin Lispro | 12 | suppressed |
| Metoprolol Tartrate | Metoprolol Tartrate | 12 | suppressed |
| Victoza 3-Pak | Liraglutide | 12 | suppressed |
| Benazepril Hcl | Benazepril Hcl | 11 | suppressed |
| Clonidine Hcl | Clonidine Hcl | 11 | suppressed |
| Lorazepam | Lorazepam | 11 | suppressed |
| Ropinirole Hcl | Ropinirole Hcl | 11 | suppressed |
| Ultra-Fine Short Pen Needle | Pen Needle, Diabetic | 11 | suppressed |
Timeline
Payment and prescribing data by year
Open Payments and Medicare Part D may refer to different years. They are shown separately rather than aligned as if they describe the same period.
| Year | General Payments | Main payer | Explicit products | Company overlaps | Part D coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $99.12 · 5 records | PFIZER INC. | AFREZZA, FREESTYLE LIBRE 3, JARDIANCE, NURTEC ODT, ZAVZPRET | 2 | — |
| 2024 | — | — | — | — | Complete |
Questions to ask
Questions you could discuss with your doctor
- What role, if any, does Jardiance play in your treatment recommendations for me?
- How do you evaluate evidence when you have a financial relationship with Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.?
- Are there reasonable alternatives I should understand when we discuss treatment options?
- How should I interpret the industry-payment records shown here in the context of my care?
These are general questions generated from reviewed templates. They are not personalized medical advice.
Sources and limitations
How to read this page
- Payment and Medicare prescribing data can cover different years; every comparison shows both years explicitly.
- Part D does not represent a doctor’s entire practice; it excludes many patients and is subject to CMS public-release thresholds.
- Company–drug relationships must have an auditable source, a precise relationship type, and a valid evidence period. Unresolved mappings are not published.
- Generic drug claims are not attributed to a specific manufacturer without manufacturer-level evidence.
- When a source extract is incomplete, missing rows are never treated as proof of no payments or no prescriptions.
Loaded source releases
| Dataset | Year | Publication | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CMS Open Payments — General Payments | 2025 | 2026-06-30 | Original source |
| Medicare Part D Prescribers by Provider and Drug | 2024 | 2026-05-06 | Original source |
| NPPES Data Dissemination V2 | current / reference data | 2026-08-10 | Original source |
Full methodology · Questions & answers · Report a possible error