Payment overview · 2025
General Payments
$775.85
39 reported records · 17 companies
Healthcare provider profile · identity verified
William Joseph Kowal, M.D.
Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Internal Medicine · ALBANY, NY · NPI 1669464889
Verified facts
What the public records show
CMS Open Payments records show William Joseph Kowal, M.D. received $775.85 in general payments during 2025 across 39 reported records.
Novo Nordisk Inc accounted for 15.2% of that reported general-payment amount.
The Open Payments records used for this analysis explicitly named 27 associated products.
A separate comparison found the same explicitly named product in public Medicare Part D data: Eliquis, Jardiance, Mounjaro, Ozempic.
ABBVIE INC. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported SYNTHROID as an associated drug or biological on 10655 records involving 4881 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 36 claims for Synthroid by this doctor in 2024.
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported FARXIGA as an associated drug or biological on 106133 records involving 42906 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 26 claims for Farxiga by this doctor in 2024.
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported JARDIANCE as an associated drug or biological on 123636 records involving 49438 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 21 claims for Jardiance by this doctor in 2024.
E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported ELIQUIS as an associated drug or biological on 27956 records involving 14870 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 30 claims for Eliquis by this doctor in 2024.
Lilly USA, LLC reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported JARDIANCE as an associated drug or biological on 47708 records involving 23833 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 21 claims for Jardiance by this doctor in 2024.
Lilly USA, LLC reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported MOUNJARO as an associated drug or biological on 186719 records involving 66436 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 13 claims for Mounjaro by this doctor in 2024.
Novo Nordisk Inc reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported Ozempic as an associated drug or biological on 261625 records involving 77793 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 38 claims for Ozempic by this doctor in 2024.
PFIZER INC. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported ELIQUIS as an associated drug or biological on 87112 records involving 36032 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 30 claims for Eliquis by this doctor in 2024.
These records do not establish that a payment influenced prescribing or medical care.
Separate record types
Research & Ownership
Research Payments (direct recipient): not present in the loaded data
Associated Research Funding (for example, named PI): not present in the loaded data
Ownership / Investment: not present in the loaded data
These categories are never added into the General Payments headline. Associated research funding must not be described as money the doctor personally received unless the source record supports that conclusion.
Who paid this doctor?
Companies in 2025 General Payments
| Reported company | Canonical company | Amount | Share | Records | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Novo Nordisk Inc | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $117.82 | 15.2% | 6 | 2025 |
| ABBVIE INC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $116.12 | 15.0% | 5 | 2025 |
| Lilly USA, LLC | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $70.96 | 9.2% | 4 | 2025 |
| GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $62.89 | 8.1% | 4 | 2025 |
| Exact Sciences Corporation | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $58.63 | 7.6% | 2 | 2025 |
| AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $51.89 | 6.7% | 3 | 2025 |
| Sumitomo Pharma America, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $51.46 | 6.6% | 2 | 2025 |
| PFIZER INC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $45.28 | 5.8% | 2 | 2025 |
| Salix Pharmaceuticals, a division of Bausch Health US, LLC | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $40.75 | 5.2% | 2 | 2025 |
| Lundbeck LLC | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $33.89 | 4.4% | 1 | 2025 |
| Amgen Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $29.17 | 3.8% | 2 | 2025 |
| Astellas Pharma US Inc | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $19.84 | 2.6% | 1 | 2025 |
| Axsome Therapeutics, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $18.53 | 2.4% | 1 | 2025 |
| E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $16.62 | 2.1% | 1 | 2025 |
| Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $15.20 | 2.0% | 1 | 2025 |
| Renalytix AI, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $14.30 | 1.8% | 1 | 2025 |
| Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $12.50 | 1.6% | 1 | 2025 |
What were the payments for?
Payment categories
| Category | Amount | Records |
|---|---|---|
| Food and Beverage | $775.85 | 39 |
A meal, consulting fee, royalty, and travel payment describe different kinds of reported relationships and should not be interpreted as equivalent.
Analysis 1 · Payment-linked products
Products named in Open Payments records
| Reported product | Type | Reported company | Related amount* | Records | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QULIPTA Normalized: qulipta |
Drug | ABBVIE INC. | $101.93 | 4 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| UBRELVY Normalized: ubrelvy |
Drug | ABBVIE INC. | $69.12 | 3 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Wegovy Normalized: wegovy |
Drug | Novo Nordisk Inc | $61.49 | 3 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| The Cologuard Plus Collection Kit Normalized: the cologuard plus collection kit |
Device | Exact Sciences Corporation | $58.63 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| GEMTESA Normalized: gemtesa |
Drug | Sumitomo Pharma America, Inc. | $51.46 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| ABRYSVO Normalized: abrysvo |
Biological | PFIZER INC. | $45.28 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| COMIRNATY Normalized: comirnaty |
Biological | PFIZER INC. | $45.28 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| PREVNAR 20 Normalized: prevnar 20 |
Biological | PFIZER INC. | $45.28 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| SHINGRIX Normalized: shingrix |
Biological | GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. | $42.88 | 3 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| XIFAXAN Normalized: xifaxan |
Drug | Salix Pharmaceuticals, a division of Bausch Health US, LLC | $40.75 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| JARDIANCE Normalized: jardiance |
Drug | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lilly USA, LLC | $38.20 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| BREZTRI Normalized: breztri |
Drug | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | $35.70 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| REXULTI Normalized: rexulti |
Drug | Lundbeck LLC | $33.89 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| MOUNJARO Normalized: mounjaro |
Drug | Lilly USA, LLC | $33.13 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| ZEPBOUND Normalized: zepbound |
Drug | Lilly USA, LLC | $30.37 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| OTEZLA Normalized: otezla |
Drug | Amgen Inc. | $29.17 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| REPATHA Normalized: repatha |
Biological | Amgen Inc. | $29.17 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| AREXVY Normalized: arexvy |
Biological | GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. | $28.89 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| TRELEGY ELLIPTA Normalized: trelegy ellipta |
Drug | GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. | $20.01 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Veozah Normalized: veozah |
Drug | Astellas Pharma US Inc | $19.84 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Auvelity Normalized: auvelity |
Drug | Axsome Therapeutics, Inc. | $18.53 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Ozempic Normalized: ozempic |
Drug | Novo Nordisk Inc | $16.64 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| ELIQUIS Normalized: eliquis |
Drug | E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. | $16.62 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| AIRSUPRA Normalized: airsupra |
Drug | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | $16.19 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| KIDNEYINTELX BLOOD COLLECTION CONVENIENCE KIT Normalized: kidneyintelx blood collection convenience kit |
Device | Renalytix AI, Inc. | $14.30 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| VRAYLAR Normalized: vraylar |
Drug | ABBVIE INC. | $14.19 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| VOQUEZNA Normalized: voquezna |
Drug | Phathom Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | $12.50 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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* Product-associated amounts are non-additive because one payment record may name more than one product.
These products were named on specific Open Payments records. A named product does not show that the payment influenced treatment or prescribing.
Public prescribing for products named in payments
| Open Payments product | Payment year | Part D brand | Part D year | Claims | Match method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ELIQUIS eliquis |
2025 | Eliquis | 2024 | 30 Beneficiary count suppressed |
exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
| JARDIANCE jardiance |
2025 | Jardiance | 2024 | 21 Beneficiary count suppressed |
exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
| MOUNJARO mounjaro |
2025 | Mounjaro | 2024 | 13 Beneficiary count suppressed |
exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
| Ozempic ozempic |
2025 | Ozempic | 2024 | 38 Beneficiary count suppressed |
exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
The presence of the same drug in both datasets does not show that a payment caused or influenced a prescription.
Analysis 2 · Same-company prescribing overlap
Drugs reported in other payments from the same company that also appear in Medicare Part D
This analysis is independent from products named on this doctor’s individual payment records. A row appears only when the exact Open Payments reporting entity paid this doctor, that same reporting entity reported the drug or biological on at least 10 loaded General Payment records involving at least 2 distinct recipient NPIs, and this doctor has the same non-generic brand in public Part D data. This does not mean the company owns or manufactures the drug.
| Paying company | Payment year | Drug reported by same entity | Open Payments evidence | Part D | Claims | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABBVIE INC. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | SYNTHROID open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 10655 supporting records · 4881 recipient NPIs · example record 1201352636 |
Synthroid · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
36 | 14 |
| AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | FARXIGA open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 106133 supporting records · 42906 recipient NPIs · example record 1206131362 |
Farxiga · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
26 | 12 |
| Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | JARDIANCE open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 123636 supporting records · 49438 recipient NPIs · example record 1221811583 |
Jardiance · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
21 | suppressed by CMS |
| E.R. Squibb & Sons, L.L.C. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | ELIQUIS open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 27956 supporting records · 14870 recipient NPIs · example record 1184377713 |
Eliquis · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
30 | suppressed by CMS |
| Lilly USA, LLC Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | JARDIANCE open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 47708 supporting records · 23833 recipient NPIs · example record 1186464557 |
Jardiance · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
21 | suppressed by CMS |
| Lilly USA, LLC Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | MOUNJARO open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 186719 supporting records · 66436 recipient NPIs · example record 1186464455 |
Mounjaro · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
13 | suppressed by CMS |
| Novo Nordisk Inc Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | Ozempic open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 261625 supporting records · 77793 recipient NPIs · example record 1188130076 |
Ozempic · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
38 | suppressed by CMS |
| PFIZER INC. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | ELIQUIS open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 87112 supporting records · 36032 recipient NPIs · example record 1228794063 |
Eliquis · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
30 | suppressed by CMS |
These facts do not show that a payment was for the drug, that the company owns or manufactures the drug, or that a payment caused or influenced prescribing.
Public Medicare Part D data
Provider-and-drug rows loaded for 2024
| Brand | Generic | Claims | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atorvastatin Calcium | Atorvastatin Calcium | 239 | 88 |
| Losartan Potassium | Losartan Potassium | 198 | 79 |
| Amlodipine Besylate | Amlodipine Besylate | 174 | 61 |
| Omeprazole | Omeprazole | 143 | 55 |
| Simvastatin | Simvastatin | 114 | 38 |
| Lisinopril | Lisinopril | 107 | 36 |
| Alprazolam | Alprazolam | 103 | 31 |
| Levothyroxine Sodium | Levothyroxine Sodium | 86 | 33 |
| Rosuvastatin Calcium | Rosuvastatin Calcium | 84 | 35 |
| Metoprolol Succinate | Metoprolol Succinate | 79 | 29 |
| Pantoprazole Sodium | Pantoprazole Sodium | 64 | 25 |
| Fluticasone Propionate | Fluticasone Propionate | 56 | 28 |
| Gabapentin | Gabapentin | 55 | 18 |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Hydrochlorothiazide | 49 | 22 |
| Escitalopram Oxalate | Escitalopram Oxalate | 47 | 17 |
| Metformin Hcl Er | Metformin Hcl | 47 | 19 |
| Albuterol Sulfate Hfa | Albuterol Sulfate | 46 | 23 |
| Ezetimibe | Ezetimibe | 45 | 17 |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol | 38 | 13 |
| Ozempic | Semaglutide | 38 | suppressed |
| Zolpidem Tartrate | Zolpidem Tartrate | 37 | suppressed |
| Synthroid | Levothyroxine Sodium | 36 | 14 |
| Alendronate Sodium | Alendronate Sodium | 34 | 11 |
| Clopidogrel | Clopidogrel Bisulfate | 33 | suppressed |
| Tamsulosin Hcl | Tamsulosin Hcl | 32 | 12 |
| Carvedilol | Carvedilol | 31 | suppressed |
| Famotidine | Famotidine | 31 | 12 |
| Hydrocodone-Acetaminophen | Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen | 31 | suppressed |
| Eliquis | Apixaban | 30 | suppressed |
| Pravastatin Sodium | Pravastatin Sodium | 28 | suppressed |
| Sertraline Hcl | Sertraline Hcl | 27 | 12 |
| Farxiga | Dapagliflozin Propanediol | 26 | 12 |
| Montelukast Sodium | Montelukast Sodium | 26 | suppressed |
| Lisinopril-Hydrochlorothiazide | Lisinopril/Hydrochlorothiazide | 25 | 11 |
| Tramadol Hcl | Tramadol Hcl | 25 | suppressed |
| Cyclobenzaprine Hcl | Cyclobenzaprine Hcl | 24 | suppressed |
| Furosemide | Furosemide | 24 | 12 |
| Fluticasone-Salmeterol | Fluticasone Propion/Salmeterol | 23 | suppressed |
| Metformin Hcl | Metformin Hcl | 23 | 11 |
| Nebivolol Hcl | Nebivolol Hcl | 22 | suppressed |
| Jardiance | Empagliflozin | 21 | suppressed |
| Pioglitazone Hcl | Pioglitazone Hcl | 21 | suppressed |
| Prednisone | Prednisone | 21 | suppressed |
| Trazodone Hcl | Trazodone Hcl | 19 | 11 |
| Clonazepam | Clonazepam | 18 | suppressed |
| Duloxetine Hcl | Duloxetine Hcl | 18 | suppressed |
| Losartan-Hydrochlorothiazide | Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide | 18 | suppressed |
| Lovastatin | Lovastatin | 18 | suppressed |
| Xarelto | Rivaroxaban | 18 | suppressed |
| Buspirone Hcl | Buspirone Hcl | 16 | suppressed |
| Citalopram Hbr | Citalopram Hydrobromide | 16 | suppressed |
| Glimepiride | Glimepiride | 16 | suppressed |
| Irbesartan | Irbesartan | 16 | suppressed |
| Lantus Solostar | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 16 | suppressed |
| Diazepam | Diazepam | 15 | suppressed |
| Nifedipine Er | Nifedipine | 15 | suppressed |
| Ramipril | Ramipril | 15 | suppressed |
| Bupropion Xl | Bupropion Hcl | 14 | suppressed |
| Celecoxib | Celecoxib | 14 | suppressed |
| Doxycycline Hyclate | Doxycycline Hyclate | 14 | 12 |
| Januvia | Sitagliptin Phosphate | 14 | suppressed |
| Propranolol Hcl | Propranolol Hcl | 14 | suppressed |
| Meclizine Hcl | Meclizine Hcl | 13 | suppressed |
| Metoprolol Tartrate | Metoprolol Tartrate | 13 | suppressed |
| Mounjaro | Tirzepatide | 13 | suppressed |
| Oxybutynin Chloride Er | Oxybutynin Chloride | 13 | suppressed |
| Oxycodone-Acetaminophen | Oxycodone Hcl/Acetaminophen | 13 | suppressed |
| Triamcinolone Acetonide | Triamcinolone Acetonide | 13 | suppressed |
| Valsartan | Valsartan | 13 | suppressed |
| Basaglar Kwikpen U-100 | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 11 | suppressed |
| Clotrimazole-Betamethasone | Clotrimazole/Betamethasone Dip | 11 | suppressed |
Timeline
Payment and prescribing data by year
Open Payments and Medicare Part D may refer to different years. They are shown separately rather than aligned as if they describe the same period.
| Year | General Payments | Main payer | Explicit products | Company overlaps | Part D coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $775.85 · 39 records | Novo Nordisk Inc | ABRYSVO, AIRSUPRA, AREXVY, Auvelity, BREZTRI, COMIRNATY, ELIQUIS, GEMTESA, JARDIANCE, KIDNEYINTELX BLOOD COLLECTION CONVENIENCE KIT, MOUNJARO, OTEZLA, Ozempic, PREVNAR 20, QULIPTA, REPATHA, REXULTI, SHINGRIX, TRELEGY ELLIPTA, The Cologuard Plus Collection Kit, UBRELVY, VOQUEZNA, VRAYLAR, Veozah, Wegovy, XIFAXAN, ZEPBOUND | 8 | — |
| 2024 | — | — | — | — | Complete |
Questions to ask
Questions you could discuss with your doctor
- What role, if any, does Eliquis play in your treatment recommendations for me?
- How do you evaluate evidence when you have a financial relationship with ABBVIE INC.?
- Are there reasonable alternatives I should understand when we discuss treatment options?
- How should I interpret the industry-payment records shown here in the context of my care?
These are general questions generated from reviewed templates. They are not personalized medical advice.
Sources and limitations
How to read this page
- Payment and Medicare prescribing data can cover different years; every comparison shows both years explicitly.
- Part D does not represent a doctor’s entire practice; it excludes many patients and is subject to CMS public-release thresholds.
- Company–drug relationships must have an auditable source, a precise relationship type, and a valid evidence period. Unresolved mappings are not published.
- Generic drug claims are not attributed to a specific manufacturer without manufacturer-level evidence.
- When a source extract is incomplete, missing rows are never treated as proof of no payments or no prescriptions.
Loaded source releases
| Dataset | Year | Publication | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CMS Open Payments — General Payments | 2025 | 2026-06-30 | Original source |
| Medicare Part D Prescribers by Provider and Drug | 2024 | 2026-05-06 | Original source |
| NPPES Data Dissemination V2 | current / reference data | 2026-08-10 | Original source |
Full methodology · Questions & answers · Report a possible error