Healthcare provider profile · identity verified

Robin L Armstrong, MD

Internal Medicine · LEAGUE CITY, TX · NPI 1700826864

Profile state: partd only Open Payments: 2025 Medicare Part D: 2024 Last identity check: 2026-08-10 Page data build: 2026-08-12

Verified facts

What the public records show

We did not find matching Open Payments records for this doctor in 2025.

These records do not establish that a payment influenced prescribing or medical care.

Payment overview · 2025

General Payments

We did not find matching Open Payments records for this doctor in the selected program year.

Separate record types

Research & Ownership

Research Payments (direct recipient): not present in the loaded data

Associated Research Funding (for example, named PI): not present in the loaded data

Ownership / Investment: not present in the loaded data

These categories are never added into the General Payments headline. Associated research funding must not be described as money the doctor personally received unless the source record supports that conclusion.

Analysis 1 · Payment-linked products

Products named in Open Payments records

No payment-linked product analysis is available because no matching General Payment records were found for the selected year.

Public prescribing for products named in payments

There is no explicit payment-product set available for a Part D comparison.

The presence of the same drug in both datasets does not show that a payment caused or influenced a prescription.

Analysis 2 · Same-company prescribing overlap

Drugs reported in other payments from the same company that also appear in Medicare Part D

This analysis is independent from products named on this doctor’s individual payment records. A row appears only when the exact Open Payments reporting entity paid this doctor, that same reporting entity reported the drug or biological on at least 10 loaded General Payment records involving at least 2 distinct recipient NPIs, and this doctor has the same non-generic brand in public Part D data. This does not mean the company owns or manufactures the drug.

There is no payer-company set available for this comparison.

These facts do not show that a payment was for the drug, that the company owns or manufactures the drug, or that a payment caused or influenced prescribing.

Public Medicare Part D data

Provider-and-drug rows loaded for 2024

Brand	Generic	Claims	Beneficiaries
Atorvastatin Calcium	Atorvastatin Calcium	1381	249
Eliquis	Apixaban	866	122
Levothyroxine Sodium	Levothyroxine Sodium	820	134
Furosemide	Furosemide	756	152
Amlodipine Besylate	Amlodipine Besylate	691	142
Gabapentin	Gabapentin	687	140
Sertraline Hcl	Sertraline Hcl	617	96
Donepezil Hcl	Donepezil Hcl	538	83
Memantine Hcl	Memantine Hcl	526	88
Metoprolol Tartrate	Metoprolol Tartrate	455	112
Potassium Chloride	Potassium Chloride	433	89
Losartan Potassium	Losartan Potassium	427	89
Clopidogrel	Clopidogrel Bisulfate	405	81
Pantoprazole Sodium	Pantoprazole Sodium	399	137
Tamsulosin Hcl	Tamsulosin Hcl	388	84
Lisinopril	Lisinopril	360	73
Trazodone Hcl	Trazodone Hcl	351	97
Famotidine	Famotidine	331	62
Metformin Hcl	Metformin Hcl	316	57
Metoprolol Succinate	Metoprolol Succinate	306	76
Buspirone Hcl	Buspirone Hcl	305	65
Levetiracetam	Levetiracetam	303	47
Carvedilol	Carvedilol	293	65
Mirtazapine	Mirtazapine	286	68
Escitalopram Oxalate	Escitalopram Oxalate	263	45
Allopurinol	Allopurinol	250	39
Baclofen	Baclofen	201	30
Tradjenta	Linagliptin	194	17
Tramadol Hcl	Tramadol Hcl	169	45
Hydralazine Hcl	Hydralazine Hcl	166	47
Lactulose	Lactulose	151	56
Duloxetine Hcl	Duloxetine Hcl	150	44
Montelukast Sodium	Montelukast Sodium	148	31
Xarelto	Rivaroxaban	142	20
Lantus Solostar	Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog	141	41
Divalproex Sodium	Divalproex Sodium	132	34
Ondansetron Hcl	Ondansetron Hcl	126	63
Jardiance	Empagliflozin	125	19
Fluticasone Propionate	Fluticasone Propionate	124	42
Pravastatin Sodium	Pravastatin Sodium	122	22
Spironolactone	Spironolactone	122	36
Finasteride	Finasteride	119	19
Amoxicillin-Clavulanate Potass	Amoxicillin/Potassium Clav	117	78
Ipratropium-Albuterol	Ipratropium/Albuterol Sulfate	116	71
Amiodarone Hcl	Amiodarone Hcl	114	28
Ciprofloxacin Hcl	Ciprofloxacin Hcl	108	75
Methocarbamol	Methocarbamol	106	37
Doxycycline Hyclate	Doxycycline Hyclate	105	69
Quetiapine Fumarate	Quetiapine Fumarate	105	46
Simvastatin	Simvastatin	102	24
Methenamine Hippurate	Methenamine Hippurate	96	13
Nitrofurantoin Mono-Macro	Nitrofurantoin Monohyd/M-Cryst	96	47
Omeprazole	Omeprazole	90	36
Risperidone	Risperidone	86	18
Cefdinir	Cefdinir	82	72
Enulose	Lactulose	78	13
Fluconazole	Fluconazole	78	45
Alendronate Sodium	Alendronate Sodium	77	15
Acetaminophen-Codeine	Acetaminophen With Codeine	76	26
Hydrochlorothiazide	Hydrochlorothiazide	76	21
Lacosamide	Lacosamide	72	suppressed
Xifaxan	Rifaximin	72	suppressed
Latanoprost	Latanoprost	67	14
Sucralfate	Sucralfate	67	16
Tizanidine Hcl	Tizanidine Hcl	64	20
Oxybutynin Chloride Er	Oxybutynin Chloride	63	13
Lantus	Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog	62	17
Ezetimibe	Ezetimibe	60	suppressed
Hydroxyzine Hcl	Hydroxyzine Hcl	60	31
Midodrine Hcl	Midodrine Hcl	60	26
Ceftriaxone	Ceftriaxone Sodium	58	44
Prednisone	Prednisone	57	41
Carbidopa-Levodopa	Carbidopa/Levodopa	56	11
Rosuvastatin Calcium	Rosuvastatin Calcium	56	14
Sodium Chloride	0.9 % Sodium Chloride	56	31
Bumetanide	Bumetanide	55	15
Glipizide	Glipizide	53	16
Ropinirole Hcl	Ropinirole Hcl	53	suppressed
Azithromycin	Azithromycin	52	41
Basaglar Kwikpen U-100	Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog	52	suppressed
Albuterol Sulfate Hfa	Albuterol Sulfate	51	35
Clonidine Hcl	Clonidine Hcl	49	30
Myrbetriq	Mirabegron	49	suppressed
Nystatin	Nystatin	49	26
Farxiga	Dapagliflozin Propanediol	48	suppressed
Nifedipine Er	Nifedipine	48	suppressed
Isosorbide Mononitrate Er	Isosorbide Mononitrate	47	15
Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim	Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim	47	27
Aripiprazole	Aripiprazole	46	suppressed
Fluoxetine Hcl	Fluoxetine Hcl	46	18
Januvia	Sitagliptin Phosphate	45	suppressed
Primidone	Primidone	45	suppressed
Phenytek	Phenytoin Sodium Extended	44	suppressed
Entresto	Sacubitril/Valsartan	43	suppressed
Insulin Lispro Kwikpen U-100	Insulin Lispro	43	19
Rivastigmine	Rivastigmine	41	11
Phenytoin	Phenytoin	39	suppressed
Rivastigmine	Rivastigmine Tartrate	39	suppressed
Triamcinolone Acetonide	Triamcinolone Acetonide	39	25
Oxcarbazepine	Oxcarbazepine	38	suppressed
Atenolol	Atenolol	37	suppressed
Dicyclomine Hcl	Dicyclomine Hcl	37	11
Azelastine Hcl	Azelastine Hcl	36	11
Carbamazepine	Carbamazepine	36	suppressed
Venlafaxine Hcl Er	Venlafaxine Hcl	36	suppressed
Humalog Kwikpen U-100	Insulin Lispro	35	15
Topiramate	Topiramate	35	suppressed
Nuedexta	Dextromethorphan Hbr/Quinidine	34	suppressed
Phenytoin Sodium Extended	Phenytoin Sodium Extended	34	suppressed
Bupropion Xl	Bupropion Hcl	33	suppressed
Lithium Carbonate	Lithium Carbonate	33	suppressed
Digoxin	Digoxin	32	suppressed
Oxybutynin Chloride	Oxybutynin Chloride	32	17
Bupropion Hcl	Bupropion Hcl	31	suppressed
Celecoxib	Celecoxib	31	suppressed
Diclofenac Sodium	Diclofenac Sodium	31	11
Doxazosin Mesylate	Doxazosin Mesylate	31	suppressed
Levofloxacin	Levofloxacin	31	25
Budesonide	Budesonide	30	suppressed
Lamotrigine	Lamotrigine	30	suppressed
Losartan-Hydrochlorothiazide	Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide	30	suppressed
Santyl	Collagenase Clostridium Hist.	30	18
Autoshield Duo Pen Needle	Pen Needle,dual Safety,diabetc	29	13
Citalopram Hbr	Citalopram Hydrobromide	29	12
Humalog	Insulin Lispro	29	suppressed
Lidocaine	Lidocaine	29	suppressed
Pioglitazone Hcl	Pioglitazone Hcl	29	suppressed
Tresiba Flextouch U-100	Insulin Degludec	29	suppressed
Amitriptyline Hcl	Amitriptyline Hcl	28	suppressed
Colchicine	Colchicine	28	suppressed
Folic Acid	Folic Acid	28	suppressed
Humulin R	Insulin Regular, Human	28	suppressed
Meclizine Hcl	Meclizine Hcl	27	14
Amoxicillin	Amoxicillin	26	18
Clotrimazole	Clotrimazole	26	11
Hydrocodone-Acetaminophen	Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen	26	17
Pramipexole Dihydrochloride	Pramipexole Di-Hcl	26	suppressed
Venlafaxine Hcl	Venlafaxine Hcl	26	suppressed
Atrovent Hfa	Ipratropium Bromide	25	suppressed
Clobetasol Propionate	Clobetasol Propionate	25	suppressed
Fludrocortisone Acetate	Fludrocortisone Acetate	25	suppressed
Lisinopril-Hydrochlorothiazide	Lisinopril/Hydrochlorothiazide	25	suppressed
Novolog Flexpen	Insulin Aspart	25	suppressed
Labetalol Hcl	Labetalol Hcl	24	suppressed
Promethazine Hcl	Promethazine Hcl	24	19
Timolol Maleate	Timolol Maleate	24	suppressed
Admelog Solostar	Insulin Lispro	23	suppressed
Brilinta	Ticagrelor	23	suppressed
Insulin Glargine-Yfgn	Insulin Glargine-Yfgn	23	14
Nitroglycerin	Nitroglycerin	23	18
Nyamyc	Nystatin	23	13
Vancomycin Hcl	Vancomycin Hcl	23	suppressed
Cyanocobalamin Injection	Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B-12)	22	suppressed
Enalapril Maleate	Enalapril Maleate	22	suppressed
Ipratropium Bromide	Ipratropium Bromide	22	suppressed
Levemir Flexpen	Insulin Detemir	22	suppressed
Meloxicam	Meloxicam	22	12
Sevelamer Carbonate	Sevelamer Carbonate	22	suppressed
Lovastatin	Lovastatin	21	suppressed
Glimepiride	Glimepiride	20	suppressed
Jentadueto	Linagliptin/Metformin Hcl	20	suppressed
Pregabalin	Pregabalin	20	suppressed
Cholestyramine	Cholestyramine (With Sugar)	19	suppressed
Olanzapine	Olanzapine	19	suppressed
Brimonidine Tartrate	Brimonidine Tartrate	18	suppressed
Erythromycin	Erythromycin Base	18	suppressed
Lorazepam	Lorazepam	18	suppressed
Nystop	Nystatin	18	14
Benztropine Mesylate	Benztropine Mesylate	17	suppressed
Ertapenem	Ertapenem Sodium	17	suppressed
Fluticasone-Salmeterol	Fluticasone Propion/Salmeterol	17	suppressed
Klayesta	Nystatin	17	suppressed
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate	Medroxyprogesterone Acetate	17	suppressed
Metronidazole	Metronidazole	17	14
Paroxetine Hcl	Paroxetine Hcl	17	suppressed
Rytary	Carbidopa/Levodopa	17	suppressed
Vitamin D2	Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2)	17	suppressed
Bupropion Hcl Sr	Bupropion Hcl	16	suppressed
Carbamazepine Er	Carbamazepine	16	suppressed
Fosfomycin Tromethamine	Fosfomycin Tromethamine	16	14
Methotrexate	Methotrexate Sodium	16	suppressed
Enoxaparin Sodium	Enoxaparin Sodium	15	14
Hydroxyzine Pamoate	Hydroxyzine Pamoate	15	suppressed
Levemir	Insulin Detemir	15	suppressed
Lidocaine Hcl	Lidocaine Hcl	15	11
Metformin Hcl Er	Metformin Hcl	15	suppressed
Ondansetron Odt	Ondansetron	15	15
Trulicity	Dulaglutide	15	suppressed
Bydureon Bcise	Exenatide Microspheres	14	suppressed
Cephalexin	Cephalexin	14	11
Cyclobenzaprine Hcl	Cyclobenzaprine Hcl	14	suppressed
Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate	Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate	14	suppressed
Invokana	Canagliflozin	14	suppressed
Ketoconazole	Ketoconazole	14	suppressed
Lidocaine Hcl Viscous	Lidocaine Hcl	14	suppressed
Mupirocin	Mupirocin	14	11
Nitrofurantoin	Nitrofurantoin Macrocrystal	14	suppressed
Verapamil Er	Verapamil Hcl	14	suppressed
Calcium Acetate	Calcium Acetate	13	suppressed
Cefepime Hcl	Cefepime Hcl	13	suppressed
Cefuroxime	Cefuroxime Axetil	13	12
Lidocaine Hcl	Lidocaine Hcl/Pf	13	11
Prednisolone Acetate	Prednisolone Acetate	13	suppressed
Albuterol Sulfate	Albuterol Sulfate	12	suppressed
Budesonide-Formoterol Fumarate	Budesonide/Formoterol Fumarate	12	suppressed
Divalproex Sodium Er	Divalproex Sodium	12	suppressed
Fenofibrate	Fenofibrate	12	suppressed
Fluticasone-Vilanterol	Fluticasone/Vilanterol	12	suppressed
Imipenem-Cilastatin Sodium	Imipenem/Cilastatin Sodium	12	suppressed
Nitroglycerin Patch	Nitroglycerin	12	suppressed
Nystatin-Triamcinolone	Nystatin/Triamcinolone Acet	12	suppressed
Prazosin Hcl	Prazosin Hcl	12	suppressed
Dapagliflozin	Dapagliflozin Propanediol	11	suppressed
Doxepin Hcl	Doxepin Hcl	11	suppressed
Fenofibrate	Fenofibrate Nanocrystallized	11	suppressed
Insulin Lispro	Insulin Lispro	11	suppressed
Janumet	Sitagliptin Phos/Metformin Hcl	11	suppressed
Linzess	Linaclotide	11	suppressed
Mounjaro	Tirzepatide	11	suppressed
Torsemide	Torsemide	11	suppressed
Trelegy Ellipta	Fluticasone/Umeclidin/Vilanter	11	suppressed

Timeline

Payment and prescribing data by year

Open Payments and Medicare Part D may refer to different years. They are shown separately rather than aligned as if they describe the same period.

Year	General Payments	Main payer	Explicit products	Company overlaps	Part D coverage
2025	—	—	—	—	—
2024	—	—	—	—	Complete

Questions to ask

Questions you could discuss with your doctor

Are there reasonable alternatives I should understand when we discuss treatment options?
How should I interpret the industry-payment records shown here in the context of my care?

These are general questions generated from reviewed templates. They are not personalized medical advice.

Sources and limitations

How to read this page

Payment and Medicare prescribing data can cover different years; every comparison shows both years explicitly.
Part D does not represent a doctor’s entire practice; it excludes many patients and is subject to CMS public-release thresholds.
Company–drug relationships must have an auditable source, a precise relationship type, and a valid evidence period. Unresolved mappings are not published.
Generic drug claims are not attributed to a specific manufacturer without manufacturer-level evidence.
When a source extract is incomplete, missing rows are never treated as proof of no payments or no prescriptions.

Loaded source releases

Dataset	Year	Publication	Source
CMS Open Payments — General Payments	2025	2026-06-30	Original source
Medicare Part D Prescribers by Provider and Drug	2024	2026-05-06	Original source
NPPES Data Dissemination V2	current / reference data	2026-08-10	Original source

Methodology version: 2.1

Editorial template version: 2.4

Product contract version: 2.0

Schema version: 0.7.0

Page data build: 2026-08-12T23:34:59.370714+00:00

Publication policy: eligible for indexing after public-launch controls are enabled

Full methodology · Questions & answers · Report a possible error