Payment overview · 2025
General Payments
$3,113.11
77 reported records · 18 companies
Healthcare provider profile · identity verified
Edward K Ko, MD
Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Internal Medicine · SAN FRANCISCO, CA · NPI 1841364841
Verified facts
What the public records show
CMS Open Payments records show Edward K Ko, MD received $3,113.11 in general payments during 2025 across 77 reported records.
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP accounted for 17.8% of that reported general-payment amount.
The Open Payments records used for this analysis explicitly named 26 associated products.
A separate comparison found the same explicitly named product in public Medicare Part D data: Airsupra, Farxiga, Jardiance, Kerendia, Linzess, Rybelsus.
ABBVIE INC. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported LINZESS as an associated drug or biological on 87954 records involving 21815 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 120 claims for Linzess by this doctor in 2024.
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported AIRSUPRA as an associated drug or biological on 165148 records involving 56069 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 22 claims for Airsupra by this doctor in 2024.
AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported FARXIGA as an associated drug or biological on 106133 records involving 42906 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 202 claims for Farxiga by this doctor in 2024.
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported Kerendia as an associated drug or biological on 138674 records involving 48458 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 12 claims for Kerendia by this doctor in 2024.
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported JARDIANCE as an associated drug or biological on 123636 records involving 49438 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 177 claims for Jardiance by this doctor in 2024.
GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported TRELEGY ELLIPTA as an associated drug or biological on 131532 records involving 37148 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 68 claims for Trelegy Ellipta by this doctor in 2024.
IRONWOOD PHARMACEUTICALS, INC reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported Linzess as an associated drug or biological on 1209 records involving 1184 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 120 claims for Linzess by this doctor in 2024.
Lilly USA, LLC reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported JARDIANCE as an associated drug or biological on 47708 records involving 23833 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 177 claims for Jardiance by this doctor in 2024.
Novo Nordisk Inc reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported Rybelsus as an associated drug or biological on 161257 records involving 55409 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 36 claims for Rybelsus by this doctor in 2024.
PFIZER INC. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported ELIQUIS as an associated drug or biological on 87112 records involving 36032 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 37 claims for Eliquis by this doctor in 2024.
These records do not establish that a payment influenced prescribing or medical care.
Separate record types
Research & Ownership
Research Payments (direct recipient): not present in the loaded data
Associated Research Funding (for example, named PI): not present in the loaded data
Ownership / Investment: not present in the loaded data
These categories are never added into the General Payments headline. Associated research funding must not be described as money the doctor personally received unless the source record supports that conclusion.
Who paid this doctor?
Companies in 2025 General Payments
| Reported company | Canonical company | Amount | Share | Records | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $554.47 | 17.8% | 14 | 2025 |
| Amgen Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $351.17 | 11.3% | 9 | 2025 |
| Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $327.70 | 10.5% | 6 | 2025 |
| Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $200.13 | 6.4% | 9 | 2025 |
| Novo Nordisk Inc | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $191.62 | 6.2% | 5 | 2025 |
| Lilly USA, LLC | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $189.42 | 6.1% | 9 | 2025 |
| PFIZER INC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $161.99 | 5.2% | 3 | 2025 |
| Janssen Biotech, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $144.15 | 4.6% | 1 | 2025 |
| Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $135.54 | 4.3% | 6 | 2025 |
| Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $124.32 | 4.0% | 1 | 2025 |
| Mirum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $122.69 | 3.9% | 1 | 2025 |
| Viatris Specialty LLC | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $122.39 | 3.9% | 1 | 2025 |
| ABBVIE INC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $122.08 | 3.9% | 5 | 2025 |
| GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $117.86 | 3.8% | 1 | 2025 |
| Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $117.08 | 3.8% | 1 | 2025 |
| Dexcom, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $55.90 | 1.8% | 2 | 2025 |
| Philips North America LLC | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $52.31 | 1.7% | 2 | 2025 |
| IRONWOOD PHARMACEUTICALS, INC | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $22.29 | 0.7% | 1 | 2025 |
What were the payments for?
Payment categories
| Category | Amount | Records |
|---|---|---|
| Food and Beverage | $3,113.11 | 77 |
A meal, consulting fee, royalty, and travel payment describe different kinds of reported relationships and should not be interpreted as equivalent.
Analysis 1 · Payment-linked products
Products named in Open Payments records
| Reported product | Type | Reported company | Related amount* | Records | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FARXIGA Normalized: farxiga |
Drug | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | $399.09 | 11 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| EVENITY Normalized: evenity |
Biological | Amgen Inc. | $351.17 | 9 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| JARDIANCE Normalized: jardiance |
Drug | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lilly USA, LLC | $226.95 | 10 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| PROLIA Normalized: prolia |
Biological | Amgen Inc. | $203.91 | 7 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| MOUNJARO Normalized: mounjaro |
Drug | Lilly USA, LLC | $162.60 | 8 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| ZEPBOUND Normalized: zepbound |
Drug | Lilly USA, LLC | $162.60 | 8 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| PREVNAR 20 Normalized: prevnar 20 |
Biological | PFIZER INC. | $161.99 | 3 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| BREZTRI Normalized: breztri |
Drug | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | $145.75 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Livdelzi Normalized: livdelzi |
Drug | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | $145.59 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| TREMFYA Normalized: tremfya |
Drug | Janssen Biotech, Inc. | $144.15 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| CAPVAXIVE Normalized: capvaxive |
Biological | Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | $135.54 | 6 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| GARDASIL 9 Normalized: gardasil 9 |
Biological | Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | $135.54 | 6 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Livmarli Normalized: livmarli |
Drug | Mirum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | $122.69 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| YUPELRI Normalized: yupelri |
Drug | Viatris Specialty LLC | $122.39 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| AREXVY Normalized: arexvy |
Biological | GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. | $117.86 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Kerendia Normalized: kerendia |
Drug | Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc. | $117.08 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| M-M-R II Normalized: m m r ii |
Biological | Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC | $113.04 | 5 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| LINZESS Normalized: linzess |
Drug | ABBVIE INC., IRONWOOD PHARMACEUTICALS, INC | $97.29 | 4 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| CREON Normalized: creon |
Drug | ABBVIE INC. | $97.08 | 4 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Dexcom G6 Transmitter Normalized: dexcom g6 transmitter |
Medical Supply | Dexcom, Inc. | $55.90 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Vest Therapy Und Normalized: vest therapy und |
Device | Philips North America LLC | $52.31 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| ABRYSVO Normalized: abrysvo |
Biological | PFIZER INC. | $40.63 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| COMIRNATY Normalized: comirnaty |
Biological | PFIZER INC. | $40.63 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Ozempic Normalized: ozempic |
Drug | Novo Nordisk Inc | $33.80 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Rybelsus Normalized: rybelsus |
Drug | Novo Nordisk Inc | $27.21 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| AIRSUPRA Normalized: airsupra |
Drug | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | $9.63 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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* Product-associated amounts are non-additive because one payment record may name more than one product.
These products were named on specific Open Payments records. A named product does not show that the payment influenced treatment or prescribing.
Public prescribing for products named in payments
| Open Payments product | Payment year | Part D brand | Part D year | Claims | Match method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AIRSUPRA airsupra |
2025 | Airsupra | 2024 | 22 | exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
| FARXIGA farxiga |
2025 | Farxiga | 2024 | 202 | exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
| JARDIANCE jardiance |
2025 | Jardiance | 2024 | 177 | exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
| Kerendia kerendia |
2025 | Kerendia | 2024 | 12 Beneficiary count suppressed |
exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
| LINZESS linzess |
2025 | Linzess | 2024 | 120 | exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
| Rybelsus rybelsus |
2025 | Rybelsus | 2024 | 36 | exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
The presence of the same drug in both datasets does not show that a payment caused or influenced a prescription.
Analysis 2 · Same-company prescribing overlap
Drugs reported in other payments from the same company that also appear in Medicare Part D
This analysis is independent from products named on this doctor’s individual payment records. A row appears only when the exact Open Payments reporting entity paid this doctor, that same reporting entity reported the drug or biological on at least 10 loaded General Payment records involving at least 2 distinct recipient NPIs, and this doctor has the same non-generic brand in public Part D data. This does not mean the company owns or manufactures the drug.
| Paying company | Payment year | Drug reported by same entity | Open Payments evidence | Part D | Claims | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABBVIE INC. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | LINZESS open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 87954 supporting records · 21815 recipient NPIs · example record 1201352608 |
Linzess · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
120 | 54 |
| AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | AIRSUPRA open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 165148 supporting records · 56069 recipient NPIs · example record 1206131344 |
Airsupra · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
22 | 18 |
| AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | FARXIGA open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 106133 supporting records · 42906 recipient NPIs · example record 1206131362 |
Farxiga · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
202 | 64 |
| Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | Kerendia open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 138674 supporting records · 48458 recipient NPIs · example record 1225434663 |
Kerendia · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
12 | suppressed by CMS |
| Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | JARDIANCE open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 123636 supporting records · 49438 recipient NPIs · example record 1221811583 |
Jardiance · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
177 | 57 |
| GlaxoSmithKline, LLC. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | TRELEGY ELLIPTA open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 131532 supporting records · 37148 recipient NPIs · example record 1190332369 |
Trelegy Ellipta · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
68 | 25 |
| IRONWOOD PHARMACEUTICALS, INC Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | Linzess open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 1209 supporting records · 1184 recipient NPIs · example record 1227653589 |
Linzess · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
120 | 54 |
| Lilly USA, LLC Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | JARDIANCE open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 47708 supporting records · 23833 recipient NPIs · example record 1186464557 |
Jardiance · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
177 | 57 |
| Novo Nordisk Inc Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | Rybelsus open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 161257 supporting records · 55409 recipient NPIs · example record 1188130076 |
Rybelsus · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
36 | 13 |
| PFIZER INC. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | ELIQUIS open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 87112 supporting records · 36032 recipient NPIs · example record 1228794063 |
Eliquis · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
37 | suppressed by CMS |
These facts do not show that a payment was for the drug, that the company owns or manufactures the drug, or that a payment caused or influenced prescribing.
Public Medicare Part D data
Provider-and-drug rows loaded for 2024
| Brand | Generic | Claims | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|---|
| Atorvastatin Calcium | Atorvastatin Calcium | 955 | 272 |
| Losartan Potassium | Losartan Potassium | 907 | 257 |
| Amlodipine Besylate | Amlodipine Besylate | 619 | 171 |
| Metoprolol Succinate | Metoprolol Succinate | 316 | 88 |
| Famotidine | Famotidine | 309 | 107 |
| Triamcinolone Acetonide | Triamcinolone Acetonide | 284 | 113 |
| Farxiga | Dapagliflozin Propanediol | 202 | 64 |
| Meclizine Hcl | Meclizine Hcl | 195 | 72 |
| Jardiance | Empagliflozin | 177 | 57 |
| Tamsulosin Hcl | Tamsulosin Hcl | 159 | 47 |
| Allopurinol | Allopurinol | 157 | 46 |
| Pantoprazole Sodium | Pantoprazole Sodium | 153 | 47 |
| Montelukast Sodium | Montelukast Sodium | 139 | 56 |
| Isosorbide Mononitrate Er | Isosorbide Mononitrate | 125 | 34 |
| Linzess | Linaclotide | 120 | 54 |
| Simvastatin | Simvastatin | 108 | 29 |
| Levothyroxine Sodium | Levothyroxine Sodium | 106 | 29 |
| Pravastatin Sodium | Pravastatin Sodium | 90 | 24 |
| Finasteride | Finasteride | 79 | 22 |
| Metformin Hcl | Metformin Hcl | 76 | 22 |
| Diclofenac Sodium | Diclofenac Sodium | 74 | 48 |
| Olmesartan Medoxomil | Olmesartan Medoxomil | 74 | 15 |
| Trelegy Ellipta | Fluticasone/Umeclidin/Vilanter | 68 | 25 |
| Omeprazole | Omeprazole | 67 | 23 |
| Fluticasone Propionate | Fluticasone Propionate | 66 | 28 |
| Albuterol Sulfate Hfa | Albuterol Sulfate | 63 | 31 |
| Celecoxib | Celecoxib | 59 | 26 |
| Furosemide | Furosemide | 51 | 13 |
| Azithromycin | Azithromycin | 49 | 33 |
| Rosuvastatin Calcium | Rosuvastatin Calcium | 49 | 15 |
| Telmisartan | Telmisartan | 49 | 13 |
| Tradjenta | Linagliptin | 46 | 14 |
| Metoprolol Tartrate | Metoprolol Tartrate | 43 | 12 |
| Lisinopril | Lisinopril | 41 | 12 |
| Eliquis | Apixaban | 37 | suppressed |
| Escitalopram Oxalate | Escitalopram Oxalate | 37 | suppressed |
| Benazepril Hcl | Benazepril Hcl | 36 | 12 |
| Carvedilol | Carvedilol | 36 | suppressed |
| Rybelsus | Semaglutide | 36 | 13 |
| Atenolol | Atenolol | 35 | 11 |
| Memantine Hcl | Memantine Hcl | 35 | 11 |
| Losartan-Hydrochlorothiazide | Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide | 34 | suppressed |
| Ezetimibe | Ezetimibe | 33 | suppressed |
| Hydralazine Hcl | Hydralazine Hcl | 27 | suppressed |
| Felodipine Er | Felodipine | 26 | suppressed |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Hydrochlorothiazide | 24 | suppressed |
| Spironolactone | Spironolactone | 24 | suppressed |
| Airsupra | Albuterol Sulfate/Budesonide | 22 | 18 |
| Mirtazapine | Mirtazapine | 21 | suppressed |
| Dilt-Xr | Diltiazem Hcl | 20 | suppressed |
| Clopidogrel | Clopidogrel Bisulfate | 19 | suppressed |
| Febuxostat | Febuxostat | 19 | suppressed |
| Proctozone-Hc | Hydrocortisone | 19 | 12 |
| Amlodipine-Valsartan | Amlodipine Besylate/Valsartan | 18 | suppressed |
| Hydrocortisone | Hydrocortisone | 18 | 11 |
| Roflumilast | Roflumilast | 17 | suppressed |
| Lovastatin | Lovastatin | 16 | suppressed |
| Breo Ellipta | Fluticasone/Vilanterol | 15 | suppressed |
| Vascepa | Icosapent Ethyl | 15 | suppressed |
| Irbesartan | Irbesartan | 14 | suppressed |
| Ketoconazole | Ketoconazole | 14 | suppressed |
| Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate | Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate | 14 | suppressed |
| Valsartan | Valsartan | 13 | suppressed |
| Clonidine Hcl | Clonidine Hcl | 12 | suppressed |
| Hydroxyzine Hcl | Hydroxyzine Hcl | 12 | suppressed |
| Isosorbide Dinitrate | Isosorbide Dinitrate | 12 | suppressed |
| Kerendia | Finerenone | 12 | suppressed |
| Metformin Hcl Er | Metformin Hcl | 12 | suppressed |
| Nystatin | Nystatin | 12 | suppressed |
| Spiriva Respimat | Tiotropium Bromide | 12 | suppressed |
| Breztri Aerosphere | Budesonide/Glycopyr/Formoterol | 11 | suppressed |
| Citalopram Hbr | Citalopram Hydrobromide | 11 | suppressed |
| Donepezil Hcl | Donepezil Hcl | 11 | suppressed |
| Lisinopril-Hydrochlorothiazide | Lisinopril/Hydrochlorothiazide | 11 | suppressed |
Timeline
Payment and prescribing data by year
Open Payments and Medicare Part D may refer to different years. They are shown separately rather than aligned as if they describe the same period.
| Year | General Payments | Main payer | Explicit products | Company overlaps | Part D coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $3,113.11 · 77 records | AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP | ABRYSVO, AIRSUPRA, AREXVY, BREZTRI, CAPVAXIVE, COMIRNATY, CREON, Dexcom G6 Transmitter, EVENITY, FARXIGA, GARDASIL 9, JARDIANCE, Kerendia, LINZESS, Livdelzi, Livmarli, M-M-R II, MOUNJARO, Ozempic, PREVNAR 20, PROLIA, Rybelsus, TREMFYA, Vest Therapy Und, YUPELRI, ZEPBOUND | 10 | — |
| 2024 | — | — | — | — | Complete |
Questions to ask
Questions you could discuss with your doctor
- What role, if any, does Airsupra play in your treatment recommendations for me?
- How do you evaluate evidence when you have a financial relationship with ABBVIE INC.?
- Are there reasonable alternatives I should understand when we discuss treatment options?
- How should I interpret the industry-payment records shown here in the context of my care?
These are general questions generated from reviewed templates. They are not personalized medical advice.
Sources and limitations
How to read this page
- Payment and Medicare prescribing data can cover different years; every comparison shows both years explicitly.
- Part D does not represent a doctor’s entire practice; it excludes many patients and is subject to CMS public-release thresholds.
- Company–drug relationships must have an auditable source, a precise relationship type, and a valid evidence period. Unresolved mappings are not published.
- Generic drug claims are not attributed to a specific manufacturer without manufacturer-level evidence.
- When a source extract is incomplete, missing rows are never treated as proof of no payments or no prescriptions.
Loaded source releases
| Dataset | Year | Publication | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CMS Open Payments — General Payments | 2025 | 2026-06-30 | Original source |
| Medicare Part D Prescribers by Provider and Drug | 2024 | 2026-05-06 | Original source |
| NPPES Data Dissemination V2 | current / reference data | 2026-08-10 | Original source |
Full methodology · Questions & answers · Report a possible error