Payment overview · 2025
General Payments
$414.76
23 reported records · 16 companies
Healthcare provider profile · identity verified
John T Chow, M.D.
Allopathic & Osteopathic Physicians|Internal Medicine|Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism · EDINA, MN · NPI 1851365985
Verified facts
What the public records show
CMS Open Payments records show John T Chow, M.D. received $414.76 in general payments during 2025 across 23 reported records.
RECORDATI_RARE_DISEASES_INC. accounted for 14.5% of that reported general-payment amount.
The Open Payments records used for this analysis explicitly named 20 associated products.
A separate comparison found the same explicitly named product in public Medicare Part D data: Jardiance.
Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. reported payments to this doctor in 2025. Across the 2025 Open Payments General Payment records loaded for this analysis, that same reporting entity reported JARDIANCE as an associated drug or biological on 123636 records involving 49438 distinct recipient NPIs. Public Medicare Part D data also shows 135 claims for Jardiance by this doctor in 2024.
These records do not establish that a payment influenced prescribing or medical care.
Separate record types
Research & Ownership
Research Payments (direct recipient): not present in the loaded data
Associated Research Funding (for example, named PI): not present in the loaded data
Ownership / Investment: not present in the loaded data
These categories are never added into the General Payments headline. Associated research funding must not be described as money the doctor personally received unless the source record supports that conclusion.
Who paid this doctor?
Companies in 2025 General Payments
| Reported company | Canonical company | Amount | Share | Records | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RECORDATI_RARE_DISEASES_INC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $60.17 | 14.5% | 3 | 2025 |
| Medtronic, Inc. |
Medtronic, Inc. exact · evidence 2025-07-22 |
$48.50 | 11.7% | 2 | 2025 |
| Insulet Corporation | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $40.64 | 9.8% | 2 | 2025 |
| PFIZER INC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $34.84 | 8.4% | 2 | 2025 |
| Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $32.47 | 7.8% | 2 | 2025 |
| Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $28.38 | 6.8% | 2 | 2025 |
| Mannkind Corporation | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $20.85 | 5.0% | 1 | 2025 |
| Abbott Laboratories | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $18.84 | 4.5% | 1 | 2025 |
| Chiesi USA, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $18.26 | 4.4% | 1 | 2025 |
| Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $17.39 | 4.2% | 1 | 2025 |
| BETA BIONICS, INC. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $17.04 | 4.1% | 1 | 2025 |
| CeQur Corporation | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $16.63 | 4.0% | 1 | 2025 |
| Sequel Med Tech, LLC | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $16.55 | 4.0% | 1 | 2025 |
| Amgen Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $15.54 | 3.8% | 1 | 2025 |
| Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $15.14 | 3.6% | 1 | 2025 |
| Antares Pharma, Inc. | Unresolved — no canonical attribution shown | $13.52 | 3.3% | 1 | 2025 |
What were the payments for?
Payment categories
| Category | Amount | Records |
|---|---|---|
| Food and Beverage | $414.76 | 23 |
A meal, consulting fee, royalty, and travel payment describe different kinds of reported relationships and should not be interpreted as equivalent.
Analysis 1 · Payment-linked products
Products named in Open Payments records
| Reported product | Type | Reported company | Related amount* | Records | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISTURISA Normalized: isturisa |
Drug | RECORDATI_RARE_DISEASES_INC. | $60.17 | 3 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Omnipod Normalized: omnipod |
Device | Insulet Corporation | $40.64 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| GENOTROPIN Normalized: genotropin |
Drug | PFIZER INC. | $34.84 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| SOMAVERT Normalized: somavert |
Drug | PFIZER INC. | $34.84 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| Kerendia Normalized: kerendia |
Drug | Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals Inc. | $32.47 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| NEXLETOL Normalized: nexletol |
Drug | Esperion Therapeutics, Inc. | $28.38 | 2 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| INCEPTIV Normalized: inceptiv |
Device | Medtronic, Inc. | $24.26 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| MINIMED 780G Normalized: minimed 780g |
Device | Medtronic, Inc. | $24.24 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| AFREZZA Normalized: afrezza |
Drug | Mannkind Corporation | $20.85 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| FREESTYLE LIBRE 3 Normalized: freestyle libre 3 |
Device | Abbott Laboratories | $18.84 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| MYCAPSSA Normalized: mycapssa |
Drug | Chiesi USA, Inc. | $18.26 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| JARDIANCE Normalized: jardiance |
Drug | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | $17.39 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| iLet Bionic Pancreas Normalized: ilet bionic pancreas |
Device | BETA BIONICS, INC. | $17.04 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| iLet Insulin Infusion Kit Contact Detach Normalized: ilet insulin infusion kit contact detach |
Device | BETA BIONICS, INC. | $17.04 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| iLet Insulin Infusion Kit Inset Normalized: ilet insulin infusion kit inset |
Device | BETA BIONICS, INC. | $17.04 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| CeQur Simplicity Normalized: cequr simplicity |
Device | CeQur Corporation | $16.63 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| TWIIST Normalized: twiist |
Device | Sequel Med Tech, LLC | $16.55 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| TEPEZZA Normalized: tepezza |
Biological | Amgen Inc. | $15.54 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| LEQVIO Normalized: leqvio |
Drug | Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation | $15.14 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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| XYOSTED Normalized: xyosted |
Drug | Antares Pharma, Inc. | $13.52 | 1 | 2025 |
Source payment records
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* Product-associated amounts are non-additive because one payment record may name more than one product.
These products were named on specific Open Payments records. A named product does not show that the payment influenced treatment or prescribing.
Public prescribing for products named in payments
| Open Payments product | Payment year | Part D brand | Part D year | Claims | Match method | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JARDIANCE jardiance |
2025 | Jardiance | 2024 | 135 | exact normalized | Medicare Part D |
The presence of the same drug in both datasets does not show that a payment caused or influenced a prescription.
Analysis 2 · Same-company prescribing overlap
Drugs reported in other payments from the same company that also appear in Medicare Part D
This analysis is independent from products named on this doctor’s individual payment records. A row appears only when the exact Open Payments reporting entity paid this doctor, that same reporting entity reported the drug or biological on at least 10 loaded General Payment records involving at least 2 distinct recipient NPIs, and this doctor has the same non-generic brand in public Part D data. This does not mean the company owns or manufactures the drug.
| Paying company | Payment year | Drug reported by same entity | Open Payments evidence | Part D | Claims | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Exact reporting entity; no affiliate inference |
2025 | JARDIANCE open payments reported associated product |
CMS Open Payments — General Payments 123636 supporting records · 49438 recipient NPIs · example record 1221811583 |
Jardiance · 2024 Exact normalized brand match · 1 Part D row |
135 | 38 |
These facts do not show that a payment was for the drug, that the company owns or manufactures the drug, or that a payment caused or influenced prescribing.
Public Medicare Part D data
Provider-and-drug rows loaded for 2024
| Brand | Generic | Claims | Beneficiaries |
|---|---|---|---|
| Levothyroxine Sodium | Levothyroxine Sodium | 1170 | 319 |
| Metformin Hcl Er | Metformin Hcl | 221 | 59 |
| Ozempic | Semaglutide | 214 | 51 |
| Mounjaro | Tirzepatide | 205 | 39 |
| Synthroid | Levothyroxine Sodium | 202 | 53 |
| Alendronate Sodium | Alendronate Sodium | 169 | 53 |
| Metformin Hcl | Metformin Hcl | 159 | 47 |
| Lantus Solostar | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 151 | 54 |
| Jardiance | Empagliflozin | 135 | 38 |
| Methimazole | Methimazole | 123 | 35 |
| Humalog Kwikpen U-100 | Insulin Lispro | 120 | 40 |
| Rosuvastatin Calcium | Rosuvastatin Calcium | 104 | 32 |
| Atorvastatin Calcium | Atorvastatin Calcium | 101 | 33 |
| Nano 2nd Gen Pen Needle | Pen Needle, Diabetic | 101 | 45 |
| Glimepiride | Glimepiride | 94 | 27 |
| Humalog | Insulin Lispro | 79 | 24 |
| Testosterone | Testosterone | 77 | 20 |
| Trulicity | Dulaglutide | 77 | 14 |
| Farxiga | Dapagliflozin Propanediol | 61 | 20 |
| Hydrocortisone | Hydrocortisone | 60 | 17 |
| Omnipod 5 Dexg7g6 Pods (Gen 5) | Insulin Pump Cart,auto,bt,g6/7 | 60 | 16 |
| Novolog Flexpen | Insulin Aspart | 46 | 24 |
| Losartan Potassium | Losartan Potassium | 44 | 14 |
| Novolog | Insulin Aspart | 41 | 12 |
| Ultra-Fine Short Pen Needle | Pen Needle, Diabetic | 41 | 17 |
| Testosterone Cypionate | Testosterone Cypionate | 38 | 13 |
| Liothyronine Sodium | Liothyronine Sodium | 37 | suppressed |
| Simvastatin | Simvastatin | 37 | 13 |
| Tresiba Flextouch U-200 | Insulin Degludec | 37 | 14 |
| Lisinopril | Lisinopril | 36 | suppressed |
| Basaglar Kwikpen U-100 | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 30 | 11 |
| Toujeo Solostar | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 30 | 11 |
| Lantus | Insulin Glargine,hum.Rec.Anlog | 26 | suppressed |
| Glipizide Er | Glipizide | 21 | suppressed |
| Pioglitazone Hcl | Pioglitazone Hcl | 21 | suppressed |
| Ezetimibe | Ezetimibe | 19 | suppressed |
| Gabapentin | Gabapentin | 19 | suppressed |
| Tresiba Flextouch U-100 | Insulin Degludec | 17 | suppressed |
| Chlorthalidone | Chlorthalidone | 16 | suppressed |
| Fludrocortisone Acetate | Fludrocortisone Acetate | 15 | suppressed |
| Ultra-Fine Mini Pen Needle | Pen Needle, Diabetic | 15 | suppressed |
| Desmopressin Acetate | Desmopressin Acetate | 14 | suppressed |
| Glipizide | Glipizide | 14 | suppressed |
| Fiasp Flextouch | Insulin Aspart (Niacinamide) | 13 | suppressed |
| Hydrochlorothiazide | Hydrochlorothiazide | 13 | suppressed |
| Insulin Lispro | Insulin Lispro | 12 | suppressed |
| Losartan-Hydrochlorothiazide | Losartan/Hydrochlorothiazide | 12 | suppressed |
| Sure Comfort Alcohol | Alcohol Antiseptic Pads | 12 | suppressed |
| Humulin R U-500 Kwikpen | Insulin Regular, Human | 11 | suppressed |
| Norditropin Flexpro | Somatropin | 11 | suppressed |
| Ramipril | Ramipril | 11 | suppressed |
| Soliqua 100-33 | Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide | 11 | suppressed |
| Victoza 3-Pak | Liraglutide | 11 | suppressed |
Timeline
Payment and prescribing data by year
Open Payments and Medicare Part D may refer to different years. They are shown separately rather than aligned as if they describe the same period.
| Year | General Payments | Main payer | Explicit products | Company overlaps | Part D coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $414.76 · 23 records | RECORDATI_RARE_DISEASES_INC. | AFREZZA, CeQur Simplicity, FREESTYLE LIBRE 3, GENOTROPIN, INCEPTIV, ISTURISA, JARDIANCE, Kerendia, LEQVIO, MINIMED 780G, MYCAPSSA, NEXLETOL, Omnipod, SOMAVERT, TEPEZZA, TWIIST, XYOSTED, iLet Bionic Pancreas, iLet Insulin Infusion Kit Contact Detach, iLet Insulin Infusion Kit Inset | 1 | — |
| 2024 | — | — | — | — | Complete |
Questions to ask
Questions you could discuss with your doctor
- What role, if any, does Jardiance play in your treatment recommendations for me?
- How do you evaluate evidence when you have a financial relationship with Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.?
- Are there reasonable alternatives I should understand when we discuss treatment options?
- How should I interpret the industry-payment records shown here in the context of my care?
These are general questions generated from reviewed templates. They are not personalized medical advice.
Sources and limitations
How to read this page
- Payment and Medicare prescribing data can cover different years; every comparison shows both years explicitly.
- Part D does not represent a doctor’s entire practice; it excludes many patients and is subject to CMS public-release thresholds.
- Company–drug relationships must have an auditable source, a precise relationship type, and a valid evidence period. Unresolved mappings are not published.
- Generic drug claims are not attributed to a specific manufacturer without manufacturer-level evidence.
- When a source extract is incomplete, missing rows are never treated as proof of no payments or no prescriptions.
Loaded source releases
| Dataset | Year | Publication | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CMS Open Payments — General Payments | 2025 | 2026-06-30 | Original source |
| Medicare Part D Prescribers by Provider and Drug | 2024 | 2026-05-06 | Original source |
| NPPES Data Dissemination V2 | current / reference data | 2026-08-10 | Original source |
Full methodology · Questions & answers · Report a possible error